'Nearly made me sick on the commute' — sweat odor is summer's real menace. Here's how to fight it.

As a full-blown heat wave sets in, so does the dread of pungent sweat odor. Online forums have been filling up with complaints from commuters saying the smell on public transit nearly made them sick. So what can actually be done about it?

Many people assume sweat itself smells, but freshly secreted sweat is nearly odorless. The real culprit is bacteria near the sweat glands. When sweat lingers on the skin, bacteria break down its protein and fat components, producing volatile compounds that create body odor. Areas where sweat tends to pool and airflow is poor — particularly the armpits and groin — are especially prone to the problem.

Experts stress that drying the body thoroughly after a shower is just as important as the shower itself. When showering is not an option, wiping the skin with a wet towel or moist wipe — rather than a dry towel — and then letting the skin dry completely can help. Wearing sweat-soaked clothes for extended periods should be avoided, as damp fabric creates an ideal environment for bacteria to multiply.

For the same reason, wearing well-ventilated clothing helps. Natural fibers such as cotton or linen are a good choice. Looser fits promote sweat evaporation and reduce body odor better than tight clothing. During exercise, moisture-wicking performance wear that absorbs and dries sweat quickly is also beneficial.

Diet plays a role in body odor as well. Garlic, onions, strong spices and excessive alcohol can intensify body odor. Staying well hydrated, on the other hand, helps regulate body temperature and prevents sweat from becoming overly concentrated. A diet rich in vegetables and fruit also has a positive effect on overall metabolism and skin health.

Stress can make body odor worse, too. Sweat produced during tension or stress differs in composition from the sweat the body generates to regulate temperature. The apocrine glands concentrated in the armpits secrete sweat that is relatively high in fat and protein, meaning bacterial breakdown produces a stronger odor. Getting enough sleep, exercising regularly and managing stress can all help reduce body odor.